Classification
Binomial System of Nomenclature:
7 Levels in the hierarchy (know in order): kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Know characteristics of the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, & Arthropoda
Ecology:
Ecosystem:
Population:
Community:
Species:
Habitat:
Biosphere:
Food Chain:
Be able to list at least 3 examples of food chains (each w/ 4 organisms).
Be able to make a Food Web of 16 organisms:
Autotroph:
Heterotroph:
Detritivore:
Saprotroph:
Roles of saprotrophs:
Abiotic:
Biotic:
Ecological Niche:
Competition:
Interspecific Competition:
Intraspecific Competition:
Competitive Exclusion Principle:
Herbivory:
Predation:
Symbiosis:
Parasitism:
Mutualism:
Biodiversity:
How to use the Simpson Biodiversity Index to calculate & compare the biodiversity of 2 sites.
Extinction:
Endangered species:
Named Examples of Extinct species (besides dinosaurs):
Trophic Level:
Producer:
Primary Consumer:
Secondary Consumer:
Pyramid of Energy:
Energy Flow through a Food Chain/Web:
Biogeochemical cycles:
Review Carbon Cycle: (The details of the carbon cycle should involve the interaction of living organisms and the biosphere through the processes of photosynthesis, respiration, fossilization and combustion.)
Recent trends of rising global temperatures:
Recent trends of rising global carbon dioxide levels:
Greenhouse effect:
Reasons for increased levels of greenhouse gases (emphasis on CO2 & methane):
Consequences of increased grenhouse effect:
Measures needed to reduce the greenhouse effect:
Outline several consequences of a global temperature rise on arctic ecosystems.
Outline the Precautionary Principle:
Succession:
Primary Succession:
Secondary Succession:
Climax Community:
Causes of Change in Succession:
Why Succession Occurs:
S-shaped Population Graph:
The terms exponential growth phase, transitional phase and plateau phase will be used.
J-shaped Population Graph (Exponential):
Carrying Capacity:
Natality:
Mortality:
Immigration:
Emigration:
Random Sample and methods to sample (Like catch, mark, and release):
How to use the Lincoln Index Equation to estimate population size:
Reproductive Strategies: r-strategy vs. k-strategies
Environments that favor the r-strategy vs. the k-strategy.
Economic reasons to conserve biodiversity:
Ecological reasons to conserve biodiversity:
Ethical reasons to conserve biodiversity:
Esthetic reasons to conserve biodiversity:
In situ conservation:
Advantages of in situ conservation:
Reasons in situ conservation may not always succeed:
Ex situ conservation:
a) Captive breeding:
b) Botanic gardens:
c) Seed banks:
Management of Nature Reserves (Reasons for management by humans):
Ozone:
Negative effects of UV radiation on organisms:
Ozone Depletion:
Major sources of ozone depleting chemicals (concentrate on CFCs):
CFCs:
Role of Chlorine in ozone depletion:
Acid Precipitation:
Major gas pollutants which contribute to acid precipiation:
a) CO2----> produces carbonic acid when mixed with water vapor
b) Sulfur oxides--------> produces sulfuric acid when mixed with water vapor
c) Nitrous oxides-------> produces nitric acid when mixed with water vapor
Biological consequences of acid precipitation:
Effects of raw sewage on rivers:
Eutrophication:
Algal blooms:
Deoxygenated water:
Biochemical oxygen demand:
Effects of nitrate fertilizer on rivers: (Outline the consequences of releasing raw sewage and nitrate fertilizer into rivers including eutrophication, algal blooms, deoxygenation, increase in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and subsequent recovery.)
BioFuels (Biological Fuels):
Biomass in the context of generating biofuels:
Ethanol Generation:
Methane Generation:
Methanogens:
Biodiesel: