First Year Course Outline 2004-2005

Cell Respiration

2.7.1 Define cell respiration.

2.7.2 State that in cell respiration glucose in the cytoplasm is broken down into pyruvate with a small yield of ATP.

2.7.3 Explain that in anaerobic cell respiration pyruvate is converted into lactate or ethanol and carbon dioxide in the cytoplasm, with no further yield of ATP.

2.7.4 Explain that in aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is broken down in the mitochondrion into carbon dioxide and water with a large yield of ATP.

7.1.1 Outline that oxidation involves the loss of electrons from an element whereas reduction involves gain in electrons, and that oxidation frequently involves gaining oxygen or losing hydrogen; whereas reduction frequently involves loss of oxygen or gain in hydrogen. (Mnemonic: Oxidation is Loss (of electrons), Reduction is Gain (of electrons) [OIL RIG] ) (pg. 146)

7.1.2 Outline the process of glycolysis including phosphorylation, lysis, oxidation and ATP formation. . (pp. 164-68)

7.1.3 Draw (& label) the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs. . (pp. 96, 165)

7.1.4 Explain aerobic respiration including oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, the krebs cycle, NADH + H+, the electron transport chain and the role of oxygen. (pp. 169-178)

7.1.5 Explain oxidative phosphorylation int terms of chemiosmosis including proton pumps, a proton gradient and ATP synthetase. (See 9.2.4.) (See IB syllabus for more details.) (pp. 174-175)

7.1.6 Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondrion and its function. . (pp. 96, Diagrams in Chapter 9)

7.1.7 Describe the central role of acetyl CoA in carbohydrate and fat metabolism.