1. Define pathogen.

2. State one example of a disease caused by members of each of the following groups: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, flatworms and roundworms. Know the group to which each pathogen belongs.

3. List 6 methods by which pathogens are transmitted and gain entry to the body.

4. Describe the cause, transmission and effects of one human bacterial disease.

5. Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not viruses.

6. Explain the cause, transmission and social implications of AIDS.

7. Explain how skin and mucous membranes act as barriers against pathogens.

8. Outline how phagocytic leucocytes ingest pathogens in the blood and in body tissues.

9. State the difference between antigens and antibodies.

10. Explain antibody production.

11. Outline the effects of HIV on the immune system.