1. ENGINEER, EXCAVATION SPECIALISTS OF SAN FRANCISCO

You are an engineer for Excavation Specialists of San Francisco, which is a multinational company based in California, which specializes in removing hazardous wastes. You want your company to win this contract so you must convince the town council and the people of Fairview to choose your cleanup method. You think that the best plan is to excavate the contaminated soil using bulldozers, steam shovels, and large earthmovers and transporting it to a hazardous waste facility, located 4 miles away near Gresham, Oregon. This procedure is expensive but in the long term could save money for the taxpayers of the Fairview area because the costs of obtaining another water supply will be avoided. Since most of the contaminated soil will be removed, long term pumping to remove the groundwater that may contain chemical will not be necessary. This procedure would be reliable and safe, but a thorough preliminary report would be needed to assess the environmental impact of the plan. Although your company has a good reputation for careful excavation in the area, you have not handled the cleanup of a contaminated site as large as this. Your workers have been trained in procedures for handling hazardous wastes, and you will work with a team of geologists, geochemists, and other soil experts to make sure the soil removal is efficient and effective. INFO: See the class notes on excavation & storage. Your method of cleanup is very effective, in that it can remove most of the pollution. However it is expensive. It will cost the town of Fairview about $14 million in US dollars ($240 per person each year for 10 yrs). You will need to work with your public relations person/s to devise a campaign to convince the town council to choose your company's clean up plan. The PR people, with your ideas, should produce posters, button, company logo (design), etc. that will make others want to vote for your plan. In addition, you will need to write out your script for your presentation to the city council, and you will need to make a poster that shows what your company plans to do.

4. INVENTOR, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, INC. OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

You have devised a new method to treat the water that does not require the removal of any water or soil. The groundwater can therefore be treated as it rests directly in the ground. In this method, developed in your laboratory by an expert group of American scientists and engineers, a strong electric field is created. This is done by creating several power transformer stations on opposite sides of the town with electrical cables laid downward into the aquifer. Electricity will then be allowed to flow between the two power stations, with the heat, magnetic, and electrical energy that has been generated transforming the chemical molecules into non-toxic substances. Essentially, the electric field changes the electric charge of the chemical molecules so that they are no longer toxic to living organisms. Using your method, any risks to workers or residents by any method or combination of methods will be eliminated. It will not be necessary to remove the chemical source, except for the drums that are near the surface. Because this process is so new, you will provide it to the Fairview area residents for the costs of the materials. The total cost will be even less than the clay-cover option. This will essentially be a large scale experiment to prove that your method is a safe and efficient way to the groundwater. You hope that a documented, successful use of your process will create future demand and profits for your company. INFO: The amount of electricity in the ground will be barely noticeable. The voltage will be low enough to be safe (no one can get electrocuted), and the electricity can be kept on during the night when no one is using the water, to minimize the risk of electric accidents. The cost to Fairview will be about $8 million in US dollars (about $175 per person per year over 10 yrs). Look at your notes for other information. You will need to work with your public relations person/s to devise a campaign to convince the town council to choose your company's clean up plan. The PR people, with your ideas, should produce posters, button, company logo (design), etc. that will make others want to vote for your plan. In addition, you will need to write out your script for your presentation to the city council, and you will need to make a poster that shows what your company plans to do with the pollution.

5. VICE-PRESIDENT, DOW PETROCHEMICAL PLANT

You are very concerned about public opinion over this incident. You realize that even though the particular chemical in the groundwater is not currently made by your company (it was manufactured by your company many years ago), the public is very sensitive to issues that involve their supply of safe drinking water. You are concerned with the dangers and high cost involved with excavation and transportation of the soil. An incident involving accidental exposure to workers or residents might damage both their health and personal safely and the reputation of your company. You feel that if you build an incinerator near your plant that can burn the hazardous wastes, the chances of an accident will be greatly reduced. You have recently applied for a construction permit from the city. You have promised the city that if your company is allowed to construct the incinerator, you will burn the excavated soil at no cost to the city. You plan to mention as part of your presentation that as the soil burns, the chemical molecules are broken down to smaller molecules that are completely nontoxic. You also plant to point out that even though other solid particles are dispersed as part off the incineration process, the overall health risks of air pollution are less than the immediate risks imposed by exposure to possibly hazardous groundwater. You plan to prepare a report that details federal and state safety protocols for incinerator facilities to share with residents. INFO: The incinerator that you will build is the most modern design to be found in America. Many european and american communities have incinerators near them where garbage and toxic substances are burned everyday without complaints by the local people. The incinerator by itself will cost about $4 million in US dollars. The excavation of the area of Fairview above the most toxic concentrations of chemical will be about $10 million in US dollars. This includes dumping the cleaned soil back into the place where it was dug from. (Total cost = $14 million - about $240 per taxpayer per year over 10 yrs) Look at your notes for extra information on the incineration. You will need to work with your public relations person/s to devise a campaign to convince the town council to choose your company's clean up plan. The PR people, with your ideas, should produce posters, button, company logo (design), etc. that will make others want to vote for your plan. In addition, you will need to write out your script for your presentation to the city council, and you will need to make a poster that shows what your company plans to do.

7. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCHER- INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY OF PORTLAND, OREGON

You work for a high-tech. firm that essentially discovers bacteria (germs or micro-organisms) that are capable of eating hazardous chemicals. Your company then takes these bacteria and mutates (changes) them (or engineers them) to be more effective at decomposing toxic wastes, and more importantly, to be able to eat a wide range of chemicals. All of the chemical wastes that these microbes are able to eat are then converted into CO2 and H2O, and other harmless compounds. Your company has developed a strain of bacteria that is capable of digesting the toxic chemical found in Fairview's aquifer into harmless substances. You propose that your company will grow enough of these bacteria during the next 2 months to be put into a liquid solution that can be sprayed on the ground at the illegal dump site as well as over the areas directly above the most contaminated parts of the aquifer to help rid the top soil of any chemical contamination. You also propose to use the wells used to test the aquifer (from the town well testing lab) and drill an additional 10 wells at a cost of $2000 dollars apiece which will be used to deliver a bacterial solution which will be used to decompose the chemical within the aquifer. Your company will continue to grow new batches of this chemical destroying bacteria to place within the wells as needed. In addition, your company will provide frequent water testing to see how effective the bacteria are working. You add that these bacteria have never been used in a full scale aquifer before, but laboratory experiments have proven to be very promising. You also point out that your company provided oil eating bacteria to the Americans who used them to rave reviews for cleaning up the terrible oil spill created when the oil tanker ran aground in Valdez, Alaska several years ago. INFO: This clean up method is inexpensive, about $10 million in US dollars (about $200 for each taxpayer each year over 10 yrs). It is also controversial because many people are suspicious of the use of "germs" for useful purposes. You can point out that we use "germs" for many other everyday purposes like making cheese, yogurt, medicines, wine, alcohol, vinegar, etc.. This clean up method has not been used in large scale operations in aquifers, but has worked especially well in large-scale lab experiments. Use your notes for other information to help create your role. You will need to work with your public relations person/s to devise a campaign to convince the town council to choose your company's clean up plan. The PR people, with your ideas, should produce posters, button, company logo (design), etc. that will make others want to vote for your plan. In addition, you will need to write out your script for your presentation to the city council, and you will need to make a poster that shows what your company plans to do.

9. ENGINEER, EARTH PRODUCTS, INC. OF GRESHAM, OREGON

You think the best plan is to excavate a 30 foot wide ditch around the outer limits of the unsafe boundary. This ditch will be 30 to 40 feet deep, and will extend all the way down to the bedrock. Your company will line this ditch with plastic and a thick layer of clay, which will prevent the chemical from spreading further into the aquifer. In addition, your company will supervise the demolition of all the homes and businesses within this area, and finally, your company will place layers of thick plastic tarp and a 15 foot thick layer of clay atop the site. The plastic and clay will of course act as an aquitard. You have worked on the clean up of a number of hazardous waste sites and have greatly improved the clay barrier technology. Although it is possible for the clay barrier to crack and leak, you argue that careful monitoring of the work and the site afterward will virtually eliminate this danger. You argue that the groundwater can be treated to remove the chemical and returned safely to the ground. A point in your favor is that this method has been used before with success in situations like the one here in Fairview. The method is not as expensive as total excavation of the site, so some of the money saved can be used to clean up and monitor other potentially hazardous sites, such as old, underground gasoline tanks at gas stations and aging sewage lines. INFO: This method is called containment. It will cost the town of Fairview approximately $11 million in US dollars. This includes about $5 million in US dollars for monitoring the levels of contamination, looking for leaks, and pumping water out to purify it, all to be done in the future. Look in your notes for other information. You will need to work with your public relations person/s to devise a campaign to convince the town council to choose your company's clean up plan. The PR people, with your ideas, should produce posters, button, company logo (design), etc. that will make others want to vote for your plan. In addition, you will need to write out your script for your presentation to the city council, and you will need to make a poster that shows what your company plans to do.

11. DIRECTOR OF Multnomah County WATER DEPARTMENT

You are the head person in the Multnomah County Water Department. You of course are saddened that Fairview has chemicals in its aquifer, but at this time, the town's drinking supply is safe, and will be so for about one more year. You point out that due to recent flooding, the normal water source (Bull Run) has been closed down for several weeks to let the water clear, and Multnomah County is now getting all of its water from the wells along Marine Drive. You list some of the steps taken to test the water in the aquifer (as done in your labs), and you mention where the source of the chemical was. You also mention that that area has already been cleaned, with the leaking barrels and contaminated top soil being safely stored at the DOW Petrochemical Factory. You also show a map that illustrates where the aquifer is polluted, and mention what places might be demolished if the town chooses excavation as a clean up method. You also give your opinion as to which method of cleanup would be the best choice for Fairview to follow. You will need to make a large map of Fairview that shows the extent of the spread of the unsafe chemical. Mention how many houses, businesses, farms, etc would be demolished if the unsafe area had to be excavated, and do the same if the entire town shown on the map were to be excavated. You will also turn in a copy of your written script for your speach to the town council.

12. Manager of the Multnomah County (Water) Pumping Plant

You have worked for the Multnomah County (Water) Plant, which supplies Fairview & the neighboring Multnomah with all of its backup drinking water for 9 years. You are concerned that the pollution in the aquifer will reach the water plant within 1-2 years. When that happens, the well will have to be shut down, as the danger to the public from the chemical poisoning will be too great. It is possible to pump water out of the Columbia River that runs near Fairview, but there is a potential that the river could become polluted to, as a result of runoff from upstream, and also if polluted water percolates upwards from the polluted aquifer into the river. It is possible to filter the poison out of the water, but the price is very expensive, about $9 million , which would result in the raising of the average taxpayers yearly taxes by $200. It is also possible to build a pipeline from the neighboring town of Troutdale, which is 3 miles away. That would cost $12 million and would result in an average yearly tax bill of $400. A great deal of damage would also result to the environment as a result of digging a pipeline. Roads and homes would be disrupted by digging a new pipeline. Buying bottled water for drinking purposes would be very expensive ($2.00 a gallon), and would not satisfy the need for bathing, dish & clothes washing, irrigation of crops and pets. Bringing water to Fairview in a tanker truck would not be very practical over a long period of time, and would be very expensive (you're not sure how expensive). You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up, or that describes any of the problems associated with letting the pollution reach the water pumping plant or problems about finding new sournces of water. You will also write a script (to turn in) which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

14. TOWN COUNCIL PERSON-"No New Taxes"

You are an elected member of the Fairview Town Council. You have been on the Town Council for 15 years. Your ideas are held in high regard by the members of the community. You will be seated in front of the Town Hall Meeting in your position of honor, from where you will help direct the Town Hall Meeting. You run the local dairy store, and most members of the community get their dairy products from you. You realize that if the clean up method that is chosen results in the loss of jobs for very many people, then your business will be noticeably affected (ie., you will make less profit from your store). You were also elected for your stand on "No new taxes" . The people that voted for you are going to want a clean up plan that keeps their taxes from getting too high. You keep these ideas in mind as you choose your preferred clean up method. You will create a poster that supports yourpreferred method of aquifer clean up, or that at the same time helps preserve jobs for the community and the prosperity of your business. You will also turn in your written script from your speech to the Town Council. Make sure to ask questions to the people representing the companies that are bidding to earn the clean up job, so that you can clarify any questions you have, and also to help the ordinary folk of the town to make their decisions too.

13. MAYOR- Fairview, Oregon

You are very concerned about the groundwater contamination and about the possible dangers to the health and safety of the Fairview area residents. While wanting to respond to the problem at hand, you want to develop an awareness of a need for a comprehensive program of hazards prevention, which may save money in the long term. You are concerned that your limited budget may not entirely cover the costs of cleaning up this incident, let alone other problems that may arise in the future. There are many other pressing problems the city and region must face, all of which require an expense of some kind. Where will the money come from? You can apply for special funds from the US government, but there is no guarantee the money is available or if available will be granted. You would like to recommend a plan that provides for the health and safety of the area residents but keeps the clean up costs to a minimum so that funds are available for other uses. Possible other uses include monitoring the water supply to detect future contamination and hiring consultants to advise farmers, industry personnel, and members of the public about how to protect the water supply from future harm. You realize that all of the plans presented have advantages and disadvantages and that in the presentation it is natural for each presenter to stress the advantages of each plan. For example, you know that if the incinerator is built, it will be used to dispose of other hazardous substances once the contaminated soil is combusted. You realize that the city could perhaps accept hazardous waste from other areas to be incinerated so that the city could turn a profit. Pumping the contaminated groundwater may disturb long-standing patterns of groundwater flow and might pull groundwater, possibly polluted from other sources, toward your town. Transporting excavated soil involves risk, as does the new, untested electrical field method would be the least expensive. If incineration were not allowed, clay barrier containment would be less expensive than excavation and transportation of the soil to a hazardous waste dumpsite. You are prepared to counsel the citizens to take the time to consider the problem carefully instead of rushing to decide quickly. You will run the town council meeting, calling it to order, calling speakers to the podium, recognizing people who have questions for others, and initiating the vote. You will also create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will discuss the merits of the cleanup method you want chosen. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

15. TOWN COUNCIL PERSON-"No New Taxes"

You are an elected member of the Fairview Town Council. You have been on the Town Council for 3 years. Your ideas are held in high regard by the members of the community. You will be seated in front of the Town Hall Meeting in your position of honor, from where you will help direct the Town Hall Meeting. You run the local bakery, and most members of the community get their bread, pastry, and dessert items from you. You realize that if the clean up method that is chosen results in the loss of jobs for very many people, then your business will be noticeably affected (ie., you will make less profit from your store). You were also elected for your stand on "No new taxes" . The people that voted for you are going to want a clean up plan that keeps their taxes from getting too high. You keep these ideas in mind as you choose your preferred clean up method. You will create a poster that supports yourpreferred method of aquifer clean up, or that at the same time helps preserve jobs for the community and the prosperity of your business. You will also turn in your written script from your speech to the Town Council. Make sure to ask questions to the people representing the companies that are bidding to earn the clean up job, so that you can clarify any questions you have, and also to help the ordinary folk of the town to make their decisions too.

16. TOWN COUNCIL PERSON-"environmentalist" (fisherman/woman)

You are an elected member of the Fairview Town Council. You have been on the Town Council for 10 years. Your ideas are held in high regard by the members of the community. You will be seated in front of the Town Hall Meeting in your position of honor, from where you will help direct the Town Hall Meeting. You run the local sporting goods store, and most members of the community get their fishing gear and sports equipment from you. You realize that if the clean up method that is chosen results in the loss of jobs for very many people, then your business will be noticeably affected (ie., you will make less profit from your store). You were also elected for your stand on preserving the clean, healthy environment of the Fairview region . The people that voted for you are going to want a clean up plan that gets rid of the chemical from the aquifer so that everyone will be safe, and so that the natural environment will be maintained or improved. You keep these ideas in mind as you choose your preferred clean up method. You will create a poster that supports yourpreferred method of aquifer clean up, or that at the same time helps preserve jobs for the community and the prosperity of your business. You will also turn in your written script from your speech to the Town Council. Make sure to ask questions to the people representing the companies that are bidding to earn the clean up job, so that you can clarify any questions you have, and also to help the ordinary folk of the town to make their decisions too.

17. TOWN COUNCIL PERSON-local John Deere Tractor Factory You are an elected member of the Fairview Town Council. You have been on the Town Council for 3 years. Your ideas are held in high regard by the members of the community. You will be seated in front of the Town Hall Meeting in your position of honor, from where you will help direct the Town Hall Meeting. You are the union representative for the workers at the John Deere Tractor Engine Assembly Plant, so you represent about 100 people and their jobs. You realize that if the clean up method that is chosen results in the loss of jobs for very many people, then you will be out of a job, and the economy of Fairview will be very much reduced. You worry that if there are no jobs in Fairview, then no one will want to live there, and the future for this town will be bleak, with high unemployment and high taxes resulting from the clean up. The people that voted for you are going to want a clean up plan that preserves jobs. Clean up of the aquifer is secondary to job preservation. You must find a clean up method that will save the jobs of as many workers as you can, but also provides a safe environment for they and theor families to live in. You keep these ideas in mind as you choose your preferred clean up method. You will create a poster that supports yourpreferred method of aquifer clean up, or that at the same time helps preserve jobs for the community and the prosperity of your business. You will also turn in your written script from your speech to the Town Council. Make sure to ask questions to the people representing the companies that are bidding to earn the clean up job, so that you can clarify any questions you have, and also to help the ordinary folk of the town to make their decisions too.

20. CONCERNED CITIZEN -"against bioremediation (use of bacteria)

You are a single parent of 4 children who has lived in Blue Heron Shores for 4 years. You are very concerned about the safety issues involved with the contaminated aquifer. You want the aquifer cleaned up so that it will be safe for all of the children that live there. However, you are against the proposed clean up method which involves the use of genetically engineered bacteria which have been designed to eat up the harmful chemical. You fear that this mutant germ will mutate further and become deadly, and thus spread through the aquifer to make everyone in Fairview ill. You also feel that although this method is inexpensive, the risks involved with this germ are too great. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that attacks the use of chemical-eating bacteria to clean up Fairview's aquifer. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

18. TOWN COUNCIL PERSON-"Greedy person who wants to preserve jobs at all costs!"

You are an elected member of the Fairview Town Council. You have been on the Town Council for 8 years. Your ideas are held in high regard by the members of the community. You will be seated in front of the Town Hall Meeting in your position of honor, from where you will help direct the Town Hall Meeting. You are the the owner of the local plumbing supply store. You realize that if the clean up method that is chosen results in the loss of jobs for very many people, the economy of Fairview will be very much reduced. You worry that if there are no jobs in Fairview, then no one will want to live there, and the future for this town will be bleak, with high unemployment and high taxes resulting from the clean up. The people that voted for you are going to want a clean up plan that preserves jobs. Clean up of the aquifer is secondary to job preservation. You must find a clean up method that will save the jobs of as many workers as you can, but also provides a safe environment for they and theor families to live in. For these reasons, you have chosen a different method which your plumbers could do. You propose to sink pipes into the aquifer, which could pump out water which could be filtered and cleaned before dumping it back into the ground, or into the Columbia River. This clean up method would be quick and relatively inexpensive, costing about $10 million in US dollars (or about $200 extra each year for 10 yrs). And you would turn a tidy profit to by providing the supplies as well as creating new jobs for the local people of Fairview. There would be no need to hire "foreigners" to clean the aquifer! You will create a poster that supports yourpreferred method of aquifer clean up (water pumping & filtering), or that at the same time helps preserve jobs for the community and the prosperity of your business. You will also turn in your written script from your speech to the Town Council. Make sure to ask questions to the people representing the companies that are bidding to earn the clean up job, so that you can clarify any questions you have, and also to help the ordinary folk of the town to make their decisions too.

19. PARENT- "wants pollution removed"

You live close to Fairview School, which your 2 children attend. Although you are concerned about possible damage to the environment, you worry primarily about the danger of children playing in the contaminated area. You know that within the last week, over a dozen children have developed sore throats, red and watery eyes, and persistent rashes. Several of the local pediatricians (baby doctors) feel that these symptoms may indicate that the children are showing signs of chemical poisoning. You are mainly concerned about this because you wonder what affects the chemical may be having on your children! You think that even if fences surrounding the contaminated area are erected, they will not cover enough of the area, and you doubt they will be maintained or monitored over the dozens of years needed for the chemical to disperse elsewhere or breakdown into harmless substances. Children will not heed warning signs and will climb the fences to play on the other side, especially since the worst poisoning is in a field next to the school. You want the contaminated soil removed from the area, regardless of the cost. You are somewhat suspicious of the other methods, and would like to see proof that they are effective and safe. You want the contaminated soil removed quickly because of the danger posed to children playing in the area, especially since the chemical is likely to be more concentrated in the soil near the contamination site. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

21. Concerned Citizen "has expensive house"

You live on Interlachen Lane between Blue and Fairview Lakes with your family. You are concerned about the pollution, and would like to see it cleaned up. However, you are against excavation of the polluted aquifer because you will lose your home. You have lived there for all your life, and have many happy memories there. Furthermore, your house and land are currently worth $300,000, but the city has offered you only $130,000 to buy your land and thus be able to dig it up in order to clean the aquifer. You are very mad that you will lose $170,000 if the town council chooses to excavate the aquifer. You are also concerned that the polluted soil that is dug up will somehow leak its poison into new areas, and that some pollution will escape if the soil is burned. You also fear that if the soil is excavated & then transported to the A-1 Hazardous Waste Disposal site (4 miles away), the transporting trucks may get into a wreck and spill their deadly cargo onto the road or worse, into a creek where the pollution can spread even further. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows your concern about your losing money if your house must be destroyed to clean up the aquifer. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

22. Concerned Citizen

You live in Blue Heron Shores with your family. You are concerned about the pollution, and would like to see it cleaned up. However, you are against excavation of the polluted aquifer because you will lose your home. You have lived there for all your life, and have many happy memories there. Furthermore, your house and land are currently worth $200,000, but the city has offered you only $100,000 to buy your land and thus be able to dig it up in order to clean the aquifer. You are very mad that you will lose $100,000 if the town council chooses to excavate the aquifer. You are also concerned that the polluted soil that is dug up will somehow leak its poison into new areas, and that some pollution will escape if the soil is burned. You also fear that if the soil is excavated & then transported to the A-1 Hazardous Waste Disposal site (4 miles away through busy city streets), the transporting trucks may get into a wreck and spill their deadly cargo onto the road or worse, into a creek where the pollution can spread even further. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up, or that shows your concern about your losing money if your house must be destroyed to clean up the aquifer.. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

23. Concerned Taxpayer

You live in Fairview Lake Estates with your family of 5. Some of the worst pollution in the aquifer is under your house. You have lived in your house for 10 years and your family has shown no effects of the pollution. You don't believe that the poison is that bad. You are concerned that cleaning up the aquifer will raise your taxes. You have learned from your neighbor that your taxes will be raised to take care of the problem (see your notes for the costs of each method. Currently, you are paying as many taxes as you can afford. You would like the town council to do nothing, that is the pollution should be allowed to disperse and decrease in its harmful effects naturally so that you don't have to pay any new taxes. You might consider & support other low cost methods, but only as a last resort because you want to pay the least amount of taxes. You don't think it would be very expensive to truck water into town if they had to cap the wells since they did that in Oregon after the great winter floods of 1993-94. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution , and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up, or that shows your concern for a raise in taxes due to the clean up of the aquifer. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

24. Concerned Taxpayer- "against paying for pollution"

You live one mile to the north of Fairview with your family of 3. There is no pollution in the aquifer under your house. You feel that the pollution is not your concern, since the nearest pollution in the aquifer is at least one-half mile away from your property, and it is not moving nearer to you. You are concerned that cleaning up the aquifer will raise your taxes. You don't feel that you should pay for the cleanup of the aquifer since it does not affect you. You have learned frm an earlier town meeting that your taxes will be raised (see your notes for costs). Currently, you are paying as many taxes as you can afford. You would like the town council to do nothing. That is, the pollution should be allowed to disperse and decrease in its harmful effects naturally so that you don't have to pay any new taxes. You might consider electrification, but only as a last resort because you want to pay the least amount of taxes. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, they should do nothing), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up, or that shows your concern for a raise in taxes due to the clean up of the aquifer. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

25. Concerned Citizen-"against digging up the pollution"

You live in Fairview Lake Estates. You don't like the idea of digging up Fairview to rid the aquifer of its pollution because you will lose your house, which you just bought last year. You don't like the idea of losing money on your investment if you are forced to sell your house at a loss (you would lose $140,000) so that the area can be dug up. You would prefer that the town council decide to dig extra wells at various sites above the polluted aquifer in order to pump the chemical out of the aquifer so the water can be purified. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up (in this case pumping the water out to clean it). You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

26. Person who has become ill due to drinking polluted water

You are upset with the town of Fairview for allowing the pollution to get into the aquifer in the first place. The result was that you have become ill due to drinking the water (You have one of the private irrigation wells which goes into the aquifer.) You have had a constant, itchy rash over 1/3 of your body, constant headaches, your hands persistently shake, and you have trouble speaking at times, because of slurred words or slow speech. You haven't been able to work for the last 2 weeks because of this poisoning. You went to the doctor last week, and she prescribed a series of tests which cost $1500 a piece. You think that your treatment will cost you at least $15,000 and you are worried because you don't have any health insurance, and also because you aren't sure when you will be able to go to work again. You hope that the town council will take whatever steps it takes to clean up the pollution. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

27. Concerned Citizen-"supports excavating the polluted aquifer"

You live in Fairview Lake Estates. You have lived there for 7 years. You do not want to see the pollution spread to become problems for other people. You would like to see the pollution cleaned up, and feel that the best method to do this would be to excavate the polluted area and then incinerate the polluted soil to make sure that all pollutants have been removed. You feel that people will be able to build new homes in Fairview once the soil has been cleaned and replaced in the ground. You think this method won't hurt people very much because they will still have the land to build on, and the money the town gives them to reimburse them for their homes can be used to build new homes. If people are careful, they may even be able to make a profit! Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, the excavation & incineration method), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

28. Concerned Citizen-lives in country

You live in the country, 5 miles from Fairview. You have enjoyed visiting Fairview on a regular basis, and you do all of your shopping there. You also have many friends in Fairview. You would like to see the pollution cleaned up, and feel that the best method to do this would be to excavate the polluted area and then incinerate the polluted soil to make sure that all pollutants have been removed. You feel that people will be able to build new homes in Fairview once the soil has been cleaned and replaced in the ground. You think this method won't hurt people very much because they will still have the land to build on, and the money the town gives them to reimburse them for their homes can be used to build new homes. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, the excavate and incinerate method), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

29. TEACHER, Fairview Elementary School

You have taught at the Fairview Elementary School for the last five years. You teach kindergarden to 25 youngsters, and are very close to your students. You are concerned because you have noticed that some of your pupils have had rashes on their bodies for the last year which have persisted. More students have had rashes in recent weeks, and some have also complained of frequent headaches and red, watery eyes. In addition, you have noticed a burning sensation in your eyes and nose whenever you go into the basement to get supplies. You are wondering if fumes from the chemical in the aquifer might be leaking into the air in the basement under the school and if these fumes may be somethng to worry about. You would like to see the school saved if possible, but are more concerned for the safety of the children, so you are willing to see the school destroyed if necessary to rid Fairview of this deadly groundwater pollution problem. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

30. Berry & Fruit Farmer

Your family has farmed in the Fairview area for the last 30 years. Your family has owned the farm for about 100 years, so a long tradition is threatened by the pollution. You are currently producing apples, pears, raspberries, and blueberries. You employ 20 residents of Fairview, and you pay a lot of taxes for Fairview so that the townspeople can enjoy clean water, police and fire protection, modern schools, safe roads, and clean parks. You fear that the pollution in the aquifer will spread under your farm, thus endangering your crops. The chemical may kill your fruit & berry plants, and at least may poison the fruits and berries so that they couldn't be harvested and sold to the hungry people who demand your product. You fear that a polluted aquifer under your farm will mean that you would have to bulldoze over your plants, or worse that you would have to sell the farm for a big financial loss. The long term affects would of course be lost taxes for the town (so the town would be a lot poorer) and you would have to lay off all of your employees, and where would they find work? You definitely want the pollution to be cleaned up, and prefer the electrification method since it is cheaper, and because it could very likely clean up all the pollution, not just that which has been discovered by the test wells. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, the electrification method), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

31. Concerned Citizen

You live in Fairview Lake Estates. You don't like the idea of digging up Fairview to rid the aquifer of its pollution because you will lose your house, which you just bought 2 years ago. You don't like the idea of losing money on your investment if you are forced to sell your house at a loss (you would lose $60,000) so that the area can be dug up. You would prefer that the town council decide to dig extra wells at various sites above the polluted aquifer in order to pump the chemical out of the aquifer so the water can be purified. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up (in this case pumping the water out to clean it). You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

32. FISHERMAN- downstream from Chinook Landing

You live on your fishing boat at a dock on the Columbia River downstream from the Chinook Landing, which is about a mile west of the pollution in Fairview. You, your spouse, and your two kids earn a living by fishing for crayfish, sturgeon, salmon, bass, and other freshwater fish on the Columbia River. This section of the river is still relatively unpolluted and the fishing here is pretty good, although you have noticed fewer fish in the river over the last few years. You are concerned that the fish in the Columbia River will become contaminated with Fairview's chemical, which may result in the poisoning of your family since you mostly eat fish and shellfish caught from the Columbia River, and more importantly, if the state government decides that the fish are too contaminated, the Columbia River fishery may be shut down, which would leave you penniless and without a home, as you still have many payments left to make on your new boat. You have seen the effects of toxic wastes dumped into the lower sections of the Columbia River and know how it poisons and kill many fish and birds at the worst, and how it leaves terrible tumors and lesions (open sores) on the skins of the fish that must swim through those waters and survive. You of course are very upset about the problem of chemical getting into the Columbia River, and you want to let the Fairview Town Council know how you feel. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports the preservation of clean rivers so that you can continue fishing. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

33. Concerned Citizen-"wants to excavate pollution to get rid of it"

You live in Fairview Lake Estates. You have lived there for 5 years with your family of 14. You do not want to see the pollution spread to become problems for other people. You would like to see the pollution cleaned up, and feel that the best method to do this would be to excavate the polluted area and then incinerate the polluted soil to make sure that all pollutants have been removed. You feel that people will be able to build new homes in Fairview once the soil has been cleaned and replaced in the ground. You think this method won't hurt people very much because they will still have the land to build on, and the money the town gives them to reimburse them for their homes can be used to build new homes. If people are careful, they may even be able to make a profit! Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, the excavation & incineration method), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

34. HOPS FARMER-Fairview, OR

You own the hops farm on the northeast edge of Fairview. Your family has owned this farm for six generations, and you are very proud of the family tradition for producing quality hops. In fact, your farm has produced award winning hops for most of the last 30 years, and beer brewers all over America would like to buy your hops to help improve their brews. You are of course very worried that the toxic waste in Fairview's aquifer may harm your hops plants, destroying your current crop which is worth millions of dollars. You are also concerned that should your crop be saved, that the hops may become contaminated with the chemical, which would mean that the federal agricultural inspectors would decide to ban your product for sale, causing a large economic loss for you. Perhaps you would have to abandon your farm if the soil was too contaminated so that crops could never be planted and harvested there again. You also point out that your farm employs about 30 Fairview residents. You may be forced to lay these people off if the contamination isn't dealt with. Such layoffs would have grave effects on the community as they would no longer be able to buy goods from the local shops, and they would no longer provide their taxes to the region as they would not be employed. The economy of the Fairview area would definitely be impacted if the groundwater pollution were to spread and put your farm out of business. You want the town council to clean up the problem. You are willing to pay your share of taxes to support whatever idea that they come up with. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows that you want to protect your farm and all of the jobs it provides. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

35. WORKER AT BREWERY ABOVE POLLUTED AQUIFER- Troutdale, OR

You have worked as breumeister at the beer brewery for ten years. You are concerned that if the town decides to dig up the polluted aquifer, your brewery will have to be destroyed as tests have shown that there is chemicals beneath part of your brewery. You of course are worried about the loss of your job. You of course mention that if the brewery is destroyed, 50 people will be put out of work for at least a year or so while a new brewery is built. You point out that the loss of the brewery from the local economy would have devastating effects from the point of view of fewer consumers, which could possibly mean other businesses being forced out of business, etc. in a domino type effect. Of course your brewery pays $80,000 in taxes to the local government, and your employees pay many thousands of dollars of taxes which would be lost too. It would be difficult to pay for any clean up of the aquifer if the clean up operation also meant the loss of too many jobs. You want the town council to clean up the problem. You are willing to pay your share of taxes to support whatever idea that they come up with. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows that you want to protect your job first. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

36. WORKER AT JOHN DEERE ENGINE FACTORY You work on the assembly line at the John Deere Engine assembly plant. You have worked there for one year. You are concerned that the factory must be destroyed if one of the plans to excavate the contaminated aquifer are chosen as the clean up method by the townspeople. Management at the factory have notified you and the other 100 workers that they would not rebuild the engine factory in Fairview, and that you and the other workers would probably not be rehired if the factory is built elsewhere. You point out that John Deere pays many thousands of dollars in taxes to the Fairview government which would be sorely missed if the factory were to be shut down. The families of the workers would need assistance from the local social service agencies, thus draining tax reserves which would be needed to clean up the aquifer. You also point out that so many unemployed workers would also affect the local economies since these people would not be able to afford to buy many of the items they normally would purchase in Fairview. This would of course hurt Fairview. You think that closing the engine factory is a very stupid idea! You want the townspeople to choose another way to clean up the aquifer other than excavating and removing the contaminated soil beneath the town. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows that you feel it is important that the factory should be saved (ie., jobs are more important than the environment). You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

37. Person who has become ill due to drinking polluted water

You are upset with the town of Fairview for allowing the pollution to get into the aquifer in the first place. The result was that you have become ill due to exposure to the soil in your garden. You have had a constant, itchy rash over 1/3 of your body, constant headaches, your hands persistently shake, and you have trouble speaking at times, because of slurred words or slow speech. You haven't been able to work for the last 2 weeks because of this poisoning. The doctor thinks you have some form of chemical poisoning. She doesn't know whether you will ever be completely cured. You aren't sure when you will be able to go to work again. You hope that the town council will take whatever steps it takes to clean up the pollution. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up, or that exposes the health problems associated with prolonged exposure to chemicals. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

38. GAS STATION ATTENDANT, RANDY'S Texaco STATION

You work pumping gas and as a mechanic at Randy's Texaco Gas Station. You have worked there for 3 years. You are concerned that you will lose your job if the polluted aquifer must be be dug up in order to clean the toxic waste up. You of course know that the groundwater beneath the Texaco station is currently contaminated with chemical. There are currently no other gas station jobs open in the region, and it would take several years to retrain yourself in a different trade. You would rather work and earn an honest living instead of being unemployed and living off of any unemployment benefits you might be entitled to. Your gas station has served the needs of both the community as well as tourists passing through Fairview on the highway for many years. You are very proud of the safe record your station has maintained while unloading gasoline into the underground storage tanks, and you and your partner (Randy) have spent your own money to have the ground your station tested for gasoline leaks every year, and you even spent thousands of dollars on installing new gas tanks two years ago to ensure that no pollution got into the aquifer. You of course are very upset at the possibility that you may have to close your station because other greedy people dumped their wastes in the countryside instead of being responsible people like you and your partner. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows that you want to save your station & the jobs it creates. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

39. Concerned Taxpayer

You live along Blue Heron Shores with your family of 7. Some of the worst pollution in the aquifer is under your house. You have lived in your house for 10 years and your family has shown no effects of the pollution. However, you believe that the poison is dangerous. You are concerned that cleaning up the aquifer will raise your taxes. You have learned from your neighbor that your taxes will raise if the pollution is to be cleaned up (look at your notes for the costs of each method). Currently, you are paying as many taxes as you can afford. Even though you are paying as many taxes as you can, you would like the town council to clean up the aquifer. You will come up with the money for the taxes some how. You feel that the health of your children and neighbors is a more important responsibility than doing nothing. You would consider electrification or use of the chemical eating bacterica as clean up methods because you want to pay the least amount of taxes. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, choose one of the least expensive methods), and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

40. PERSONNEL MANAGER AT JOHN DEERE TRACTOR ENGINE FACTORY

You work as a personnel manager at the John Deere Tractor Engine assembly plant. You have worked there for two years. You are concerned that the factory must be destroyed if one of the plans to excavate the contaminated aquifer are chosen as the clean up method by the townspeople. As part of the management team at the factory, you have notified your 100 employees that the owners will not rebuild the engine factory in Fairview if it must be destroyed, and that most of the employees would probably not be rehired if the factory is built elsewhere. You point out that John Deere pays over $100,000 dollars in taxes to the Fairview government which would be sorely missed if the factory were to be shut down. The families of the workers would need assistance from the local social service agencies, thus draining tax reserves which would be needed to clean up the aquifer. You also point out that so many unemployed workers would also affect the local economies since these people would not be able to afford to buy many of the items they normally would purchase in Fairview. This would of course hurt Fairview. You think that closing the engine factory is a very stupid idea! You want the townspeople to choose another way to clean up the aquifer other than excavating and removing the contaminated soil beneath the town. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that shows that you want to save the factory (ie., jobs before the environment). You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

41. First grader who has become ill due to exposure to polluted groundwater

You are a first grader at the Fariview Elementary School. You and your parents are upset with the town of Fairview for allowing the pollution to get into the aquifer in the first place. The result was that you have become ill due to drinking the water, or perhaps as your teacher has said, from breathing chemical fumes that have excaped fromhe ground into the air. You have had a constant, itchy rash over 1/2 of your body, along with constant headaches. You haven't been able to go to school for the last week because of this poisoning. You went to the doctor last week, and he prescribed a series of tests which cost $1500 a piece. Your parents think that your treatment will cost them at least $15,000 and you are worried because the federal health insurance doesn't adequately cover such health problems. You hope that the town council will take whatever steps it takes to clean up the pollution so that you and your friends, the future of Fairview, will not be further endangered. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution instead, and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or that supports the good health of the children. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.

42. Pumpkin & Vegetable Farmer

Your family has owned the farm in the Fairview area for about 100 years, so a long tradition is threatened by the pollution. You are currently producing pumpkins, cabbage, carrots, apples, lettuce, tomatoes, and onions. You employ 30 residents of Fairview, and you pay a lot of taxes for Fairview so that the townspeople can enjoy clean water, police and fire protection, modern schools, safe roads, and clean parks. You fear that the pollution in the aquifer will spread under your farm, thus endangering your crops. The chemical may kill your plants, and at least may poison the fruit and vegetables you grow so that they couldn't be harvested and sold to the hungry people who demand your product. You fear that a polluted aquifer under your farm will mean that you would have to bulldoze over your plants, or worse that you would have to sell the farm for a big financial loss. The long term affects would of course be lost taxes for the town (so the town would be a lot poorer) and you would have to lay off all of your employees, and where would they find work? You definitely want the pollution to be cleaned up, and prefer the electrification method since it is cheaper, and because it could very likely clean up all the pollution, not just that that has been discovered by the test wells. Describe to the town council which method you would like to see used to clean up the pollution (in this case, the electrification method) and tell reasons why you prefer that method. You will create a poster or banner that supports your preferred method of aquifer clean up or thast shows why it is so important to save your farm. You will also write a script to turn in which you will use when you speak in front of the town council.