Foothill Death Camas, Panicled Deathcamas, Panicled Death Camas, Panicled Death-camas, Panicled Zigadenus, Sand Corn: Toxicoscordion paniculatum (Synonyms: Helonias paniculatus, Zigadenus paniculatus)

Panicled death camas is a beautiful but deadly lily. It is typically a single stout stem arising from 30 to 50 cm from a tunicated, ovoid bulb from 3-4 cm long. The linear leaves have parallel venation and are on the stem, but located close to the base. Those leaves found higher on the stem are much reduced in size. The longest leaves are 15 to 40 cm long and 3 to 12 mm wide.

The inflorescence is paniculate, although the upper flowers may be racemose. This means the lower panicles are clusters of flowers coming off the stem, while the upper racemes would consist of single flowers coming off the stem. The inflorescence is much longer than in the similar Zigadenus venenosus, ranging from 10 to 30 cm in length. The tepals are white or cream color, 4-5 mm long and broadly ovate in shape with ovate glands. The flowers are mostly perfect, although occasionally the lower flowers may only be staminate.

As mentioned above, this plant is deadly to ingest. It is sometimes found interspersed with the edible camas, and native tribes often removed it from the camas beds while both were in bloom, as the bulbs of both are similar.

Panicled death-camas may be found in sandy or rocky areas to meadows, often interspersed with sagebrush.

Panicled death-camas is common from the Pacific Coast inland to the Great Plains, north into British Columbia, and south to Baja California.

The photo at left shows a close-up of the panicled inflorescence of panicled death camas. Note that the lower branches of the inflorescence end in clusters of 3-5 or more flowers, while the upper branches bear only a single flower at their tip.......June 13, 2005. The photo at right shows panicled death camas blooming on vernally moist balds at Brooks Memorial State Park off US 97 near Satus Pass.......May 13, 2019..

Panicled death camas as seen on sand and gravel substrates at Fort Rock State Park, Lake County, Oregon.........May 18, 2016.

Mature seed heads and seeds of panicled death camas as seen at Brooks Memorial State Park.......October 10, 2018.

The photo at left shows panicled deathcamas in vernally moist meadows at Brooks Memorial State Park near Satus Pass, Washington...........May 11, 2014. The photo at right shows panicled deathcamas along FS Road #2230 between Mount Pisgah and East Point, Ochoco National Forest.........June 13, 2015.

A panicled deathcamas in bloom at left on Bickleton Ridge, Klickitat Wildlife Area to the northwest of Bickleton, WA........May 7, 2017. The photo at right shows panicled deathcamas blooming in grasslands along the Alder Springs Trail #855, Crooked River National Grasslands........May 11, 2018.