[Ferns of the Columbia River Gorge of Oregon and Washington]

Dorsal surface of the leaf blade of gold-back fern as seen at left high on the Hamilton Mountain Trail in the western Columbia River Gorge........February 18, 2010. The photo at right shows gold-back ferns poking through fractured boulders along the old Klickitat County Dump Road above the Crawford Oaks Trailhead, Columbia Hills Historical State Park.....February 9, 2020.

Ventral surface of the leaf blade of gold-back fern as seen high on the Hamilton Mountain Trail in the western Columbia River Gorge.........February 18, 2010.

Goldback fern with new growth (left) from a crack in a basalt cliff above the Crawford Oaks trailhead, Columbia Hills State Park..........October 26, 2014. The photo at right shows goldback ferns on a basalt outcrop at the south side of Horsethief Butte, Columbia Hills State Park.........January 18, 2016.

Gold-back fronds emerging (left) from a rock crevice in a cliff next to Eightmile Creek in the Columbia Hills State Park.........February 23, 2010. The photo at right is from the same location above the Crawford Oaks Trailhead, Columbia Hills State Park.........October 21, 2016.

A gold-back fern observed at left above the Crawford Oaks Trailhead, Columbia Hills State Park.........November 18, 2017. The photo at right shows gold-back ferns on a rocky road cut east of the Courtney Road trailhead on old Highway 8......January 6, 2018.