[Wintergreens and Salals: The Genus Gaultheria the Columbia River Gorge of Oregon and Washington]
Oregon Wintergreen, Slender Wintergreen, Western Teaberry
Gaultheria ovatifolia
The photo above shows the small evergreen leaves (note the
acute tips) and white, bell-shaped flower of slender wintergreen. Photographed
along road N60 above (SW of) Goose Lake, Gifford Pinchot NF........June
30, 1990.
The
photo at right shows the small evergreen leaf and white, bell-shaped flower
of slender wintergreen. Photographed along road N60 above (SW of) Goose Lake,
Gifford Pinchot NF........June 30, 1990. Note the spreading
hairs on the calyx.
Characteristics:
Also known as Oregon wintergreen, slender wintergreen is a
slender, much-branched shrublet with prostrate to spreading branches from
10-40 cm long. The younger twigs are often covered with reddish hairs. The
leaves are broadly ovate with subcordate bases with short petioles. The blades
measure 2-4 cm long and 1.5-3 cm wide. They have lightly toothed margins and
green, glabrous upper surfaces.
The flowers are single in the outer leaf axils. The pedicels
are very short and extend from minute bracts (See photo below.). The calyx
is conspicuously covered with long, reddish hairs and the lobes are triangular
in outline and slightly longer than wide. The pendant, white corolla is bell-shaped
and about 4 mm long with 5 short, rounded lobes which only flare outwards
at their tips. The fruit is a bright red berry from 6-7 mm in diameter.
Slender wintergreen reportedly makes a good ground cover in
the forest garden.
Habitat:
Slender wintergreen may be found from dry ponderosa pine forests
to subalpine bogs at moderate altitudes in the mountains.
Range:
Slender wintergreen may be found from British Columbia south
to northern California and east to Idaho.
Slender wintergreen as seen along the Butte Camp Trail #238A, Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument........September 19, 2014.
Note the hairy calyx of slender wintergreen,
which is a way to identify this species from
alpine wintergreen,
which has a smooth calyx.
The photo above shows the leaf and berry
of slender wintergreen as seen along Forest Road #23 on steep slopes about
one-half mile north of the intersection with Forest Road #90 on the northwestern
slopes of Mt. Adams.........August 6, 2005. The leaves are
ovate in outline and measure 2-4 cm long and 1.5-3 cm wide.
Paul Slichter