[Birch Trees: The Genus Betula East of the Cascade Mountains of Oregon and Washington]

Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch

Betula occidentalis

Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera

Female catkins of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera) - Male catkins of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

Female and male catkins of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera) - Female catkins of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera) - Female and male catkins of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

River birch blooming on the east bank of the Deschutes River along the Steelhead Falls Trail, Steelhead Falls Wilderness Study Area.......April 25, 2018. The male catkins are at the branch tips and are pendant. The female catkins are on lateral shoots behind the branch tip with leafy bracts at their tips. Note the red styles on the female catkins.

Close-up view of the upper leaf surface of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

A close-up of the upper leaf surface of a river birch sapling as seen at seeps along the Canyon Mountain Trail #218, Strawberry Mountain Wilderness.........August 19, 2011.

Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

This photo shows a close-up of the leaves and pollen catkins of river birch as seen at Sun Lakes State Park in central Washington........May, 2007.

Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera) - Upper leaf surface of Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

Close-ups of the leaves of river birch as seen at Sun Lakes State Park in central Washington........May, 2007.

Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera) - Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

Examples of young river birch as seen at seeps along the Canyon Mountain Trail #218, Strawberry Mountain Wilderness.........August 19, 2011.

Red Birch, River Birch, Spring Birch, Water Birch: Betula occidentalis (Synonyms: Betula beeniana, Betula fontinalis, Betula fontinalis var. inopina, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula microphylla var. fontinalis, Betula occidentalis var. inopina, Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera ssp. occidentalis, Betula papyrifera)

Leafy branches of river birch with pendant staminate catkins as seen along the trail which runs along the north side of the Little Spokane River downstream of the Painted Rocks trailhead.........May 7, 2012.

Paul Slichter